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ObjectiveTo explore the effects of Baihu Jia Renshen Tang （BHRS） on the related molecules on the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B（PI3K/Akt）signaling pathway in the liver of MKR diabetic model mice. MethodThirty 6-week-old MKR mice were selected and fed on a high-fat diet for four weeks，followed by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin（STZ）for the diabetes model establishment. The model was properly induced in the case of the fasting blood glucose （FBG） of ≥11.1 mmol·L-1. After modeling，the mice were randomly divided into a model group，a BHRS group （12.09 g·kg-1·d-1），and a metformin group （0.065 g·kg-1·d-1），with 10 mice in each group. Ten FVB mice were assigned to the control group. The mice in the groups with drug intervention were continuously administered correspondingly for 28 days. After administration，the mice were sacrificed，followed by the oral glucose tolerance test （OGTT） and FBG detection. Serum very low-density lipoprotein（VLDL）content was determined by semi-quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. Four indexes related to blood lipid were determined by the biochemistry analyzer. Liver tissues were subjected to pathological examination by hematoxylin-eosin（HE）staining. Western blot was used to detect the protein expression of PI3K，Akt，phosphorylated（p）-PI3K，p-Akt，forkhead box protein O1 （FoxO1），insulin receptor（InsR），and insulin receptor substrate-2（IRS-2） in liver tissues of mice. Real-time polymerase chain reaction（Real-time PCR） was used to detect the mRNA expression of PI3K，Akt，FoxO1，InsR，and IRS-2 in liver tissues of mice. ResultCompared with the control group，the model group showed poor general conditions，abnormal glucose tolerance （P<0.05），increased FBG （P<0.01），abnormal blood lipid metabolism，increased serum total cholesterol （TC），triglyceride（TG），low-density lipoprotein cholesterol（LDL-C），and VLDL （P<0.05），decreased level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol（HDL-C）（P<0.05），fatty degeneration and obvious pathological changes of liver cells，reduced protein expression of PI3K，Akt，p-PI3K/PI3K，p-Akt/Akt，IRS-2，and InsR in liver tissues（P<0.05），increased protein expression of FoxO1（P<0.05），decreased mRNA expression of PI3K，Akt，IRS-2，and InsR in liver tissues （P<0.05），and increased FoxO1 mRNA expression（P<0.05）. Compared with the model group，the BHRS group showed improved general conditions and glucose and lipid metabolism （P<0.05），improved pathological state of liver cells，increased protein expression of PI3K，Akt，p-PI3K/PI3K，p-Akt/Akt，IRS-2，and InsR in liver tissues（P<0.05），decreased protein expression of FoxO1（P<0.05），increased mRNA expression of PI3K，Akt，IRS-2，and InsR in liver tissues （P<0.05），and reduced FoxO1 mRNA expression（P<0.05）. ConclusionBHRS can effectively reduce blood glucose，regulate blood lipid metabolism，and improve the pathological state of the liver in MKR diabetic mice，and its mechanism of action may be related to the regulation of the activity of molecules on the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
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Objective:To explore the clinical value of one-step CT angiography from deep vein of lower limbs to pulmonary artery in the direction of head and foot.Methods:Twenty-eight patients who presented Haikou Affiliated Hospital of Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine from January 2017 to June 2019 were collected. All patients who underwent one-step CT angiography of the deep veins of the lower extremities to the pulmonary artery were randomly divided into two groups, A or B, and scanned from the entrance of the thorax to 10 cm below the knee joint. Group A was foot-head direction group with delayed time scanning according to empirical method. Group B was the head-foot direction group with a single point triggered automatic tracing scan at the level of the main pulmonary artery trunk. The independent sample t-test was used to compare the scan time, dose length product (DLP), and mean CT value of enhancement of the pulmonary artery opening between the two groups. Results:The average scanning time of the foot-head scanning group was (36.4±1.2)s, the average DLP was (684.4±37.8) mGy·cm, and the average enhanced CT value of pulmonary artery image was (181.3±15.5) HU. The average scanning time of the head foot scanning group was (16.4±0.3) s, the average DLP was (441.8±34.4) mGy·cm, and the average enhanced CT value of the pulmonary artery image was (257.9±24.5) HU. Scanning time, mean DLP, and pulmonary artery level enhancement values were significantly different between the two groups ( t=17.92, 4.71, 2.44, P<0.05). Conclusions:The clinical value of one-step CT angiography from deep vein of lower limbs to pulmonary artery in the head-foot direction is significantly better than that in the head-foot direction. It can significantly shorten the scanning time, reduce the radiation dose, and increase the enhancement value of pulmonary artery to improve the detection of pulmonary embolism.
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Objective:To investigate the values of CT angiography (CTA) and color Doppler ultrasound in the diagnosis and etiological screening of varicocele (VC).Methods:Ninety-seven patients with VC diagnosed by the Department of Urology, Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine Affiliated Haikou Hospital from May 2016 to December 2017 were retrospectively included. The CTA and color Doppler ultrasonographic data of 194 spermatic veins (including 116 varicocele veins) were analyzed. Paired t test was used to compare the mean diameter of spermatic veins at the root of scrotum measured by CTA and color Doppler ultrasound. McNemar test was used to compare the sensitivity and specificity of CTA and color Doppler examination for VC, and χ 2 or Fisher exact probability was used to compare the detection rate of CTA and color Doppler examination in screening the etiology of VC. Results:The average diameters of scrotal root of spermatic veins by CTA and color Doppler ultrasonography were (2.9±0.6) and (3.0±0.6) mm for VC cases, with no significant difference found( t=0.885, P=0.381). According to the diagnostic VC standard of color Doppler ultrasound (diameter>2 mm), no significant difference was found between CTA and color Doppler ultrasound in the sensitivity [95.69%(111/116) vs. 100%(116/116)] and specificity [100%(78/78) vs. 100%(78/78)] in the diagnosis of VC. The etiological detection rate of CTA in 97 patients with VC was significantly higher than that of color Doppler ultrasound ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Both CTA and color Doppler ultrasound have high sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of VC. CTA has a higher etiological detection rate in etiological screening of VC than color Doppler ultrasound.
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Objective:To explore the radiation protection effect of a novel integrated radiation protection device for computed tomography and evaluate its influence on image quality.Methods:According to the radiation protection principle and CT model, a novel integrated CT radiation protection device was designed and developed. Under the normal operation condition of CT scanner, the radiation dose rate of 7 monitoring points around CT scanner before and after the use of radiation protection device was measured and the effective protection rate was calculated. Before and after using the protective device, the water equivalent phantom was scanned with CT respectively, CT value and signal-to-noise ratio were measured and calculated, and the image quality was evaluated subjectively with the 3-point system. The paired t-test was used to compare the difference of radiation dose rate, average CT value and signal-to-noise ratio of CT surrounding environment before and after using the protective device, and the Mann Whitney U-test was used to compare the difference of subjective scores of CT image quality of water model before and after using the protective device. Results:The radiation dose rates of the 7 monitoring points after the use of the novel CT radiation protection device was significantly lower than those before radiation protection device was used, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05), and the effective protection rate was more than 50%; the average CT value, signal-to-noise ratio and subjective score in the range of water equivalent phantom before and after the use of the radiation protection device were not statistically significant ( P>0.05). Conclusions:The novel integrated CT radiation protection device can significantly reduce the radiation dose rate of the surrounding environment when the CT machine is running and has no effect on the image quality.
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Objective To investigate the value of DWI high b value and ADC value in the diagnosis of hyperacute cerebral is-chemia.Methods Adult SD rats were selected and divided into the control and ischemic group by adopting the random number table method,the ischemic group was re-divided into 0.25,0.50,2.00,4.00、6.00 h groups according to the ischemic time,6 cases in each group with a total of 42 cases.The ischemic group conducted the right middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO)for performing the head T2WI and DWI scanning(b values were 0,400,800,2 000,3 000 s/mm2),the CNR and SNR values were recorded,rs-T2WI, rs-DWI and relative apparent diffusion coefficient(rADC)were measured.Then the imaging change of ischemic area was observed. The sensitivity and specificity were detected.Results In b=2 000 s/mm2and 3 000 s/mm2,the diagnostic rates of DWI for hyper-acute cerebral ischemia were obviously higher than those in b=400 s/mm2and 800 s/mm2,and when the b values were 400,800, 2 000,3 000 s/mm2,the sensitivities were 16.7%,50.0%,100.0% and 100.0% respectively and the specificities were 16.7%, 50.0%,100.0% and 100.0% respectively.The difference of ADC values under different b values had statistical significance(P<0.05).Conclusion High b value DWI in the diagnosis of hyperacute ischemia is significantly better than that of low b value,espe-cially in the aspect of displaying the lesion at 0.25,0.50 h cerebral ischemia.